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[title] => Jenoduchý spôsob, ako môžu ženy znižiť riziko vzniku rakoviny prsníka
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Už len pri jej vyslovení nám naskakujú zimomriavky. Rakovina prsníka si nevyberá, môžu postihnúť akúkoľvek ženu, nevyhýba sa ani mladším ročníkom. Doposiaľ nie je celkom jasné, čo je jej príčinou. Existujú však rizikové faktory, ktoré prispievajú k jej vzniku – rastúci vek, obezita, nadmerné pitie alkoholu, fajčenie a rodinná anamnéza. Ak sa vyskytla v rodine, je šanca, že nakoniec aj vy budete bojovať s chorobou. Našťastie, dá sa tomu účinnejšie zabrániť.
Zdravý životný štýl ako ochranca pred rakovinou
Nová štúdia prichádza s tvrdením, ktoré dáva nádej všetkým ženám s rodinnou anamnézou rakoviny prsníka. Riziko vzniku nebezpečnej choroby môžu znížiť jednoduchým spôsobom. Stačí, ak zmenia svoj životný štýl. Tak budú mať riziko vzniku rakoviny viac pod kontrolou. Zmena životného štýlu pritom zahŕňa – schudnutie a skoncovanie s fajčením, ako píše time.com.
Vedci odhadujú, že by bolo možné zabrániť takmer 30% všetkých karcinómov prsníka v USA v prípade, ak by si ženy udržali zdravú hmotnosť, neužívali by hormonálnu terapiu v menopauze a obmedzili by pitie alkoholu a fajčenie. Platí to predovšetkým pre tie, ktoré majú vysoké šance na vzniku choroby vzhľadom na históriu rodiny a genetiku. Záver štúdie bol zverejnený v časopise JAMA Oncology.
Väčší prínos u žien s rodinnou anamnézou
Úprava rizikových faktorov, ktoré sa môžu podpísať pod vznik zákernej choroby, je jednoduchý spôsob, ako si zachovať pevné zdravie. Tie ženy, ktoré majú predispozíciu a teda vysoké riziko, majú takmer rovnakú šancu na život bez rakoviny ako ostatné. Šanca u 30-ročnej ženy je približne 11-percentná, kým dosiahne 80 rokov.
Výskumníci zhromaždili údaje od viac ako 7 tisíc žien s rakovinou prsníka a takmer 20 tisíc zdravých žien, ktoré boli súčasťou združenia Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, rovnako ako 6 tisíc žien z National Health Interview z roku 2010. Celé roky sledovali odborníci ženy s diagnózou a zistili, že prínos zmeny životného štýlu je väčší a prevratnejší u tých, ktoré sú vystavené väčšiemu riziku ochorenia v dôsledku rizikového faktora – fajčenia.
Na druhej strane, štúdia nezhŕňala ženy rôznych rasových a etnických skupín, takže podľa vedcov je potrebný ešte ďalší výskum.
Je pravdepodobné, že zdravý životný štýl budú klinickí lekári presadzovať ako súčasť liečby svojich pacientov.
Nejde pritom o prvú štúdiu, ktorá preukázala pozitívne účinky zdravého životného štýlu na ľudské zdravie a hlavne pri predchádzaní vzniku rakoviny. Iný výskum zistil, že životný štýl a nepriaznivé prostredie, v ktorom žijeme, tvorí 20- až 40-percentnú šancu na vznik rakoviny. Ďalší zase preukázala, že ľudia môžu znížiť riziko až 13 druhov rakoviny o 20 % v prípade, ak by pravidelne cvičili.
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Už len pri jej vyslovení nám naskakujú zimomriavky. Rakovina prsníka si nevyberá, môžu postihnúť akúkoľvek ženu, nevyhýba sa ani mladším ročníkom. Doposiaľ nie je celkom jasné, čo je jej príčinou. Existujú však rizikové faktory, ktoré prispievajú k jej vzniku – rastúci vek, obezita, nadmerné pitie alkoholu, fajčenie a rodinná anamnéza. Ak sa vyskytla v rodine, je šanca, že nakoniec aj vy budete bojovať s chorobou. Našťastie, dá sa tomu účinnejšie zabrániť.
Zdravý životný štýl ako ochranca pred rakovinou
Nová štúdia prichádza s tvrdením, ktoré dáva nádej všetkým ženám s rodinnou anamnézou rakoviny prsníka. Riziko vzniku nebezpečnej choroby môžu znížiť jednoduchým spôsobom. Stačí, ak zmenia svoj životný štýl. Tak budú mať riziko vzniku rakoviny viac pod kontrolou. Zmena životného štýlu pritom zahŕňa – schudnutie a skoncovanie s fajčením, ako píše time.com.
Vedci odhadujú, že by bolo možné zabrániť takmer 30% všetkých karcinómov prsníka v USA v prípade, ak by si ženy udržali zdravú hmotnosť, neužívali by hormonálnu terapiu v menopauze a obmedzili by pitie alkoholu a fajčenie. Platí to predovšetkým pre tie, ktoré majú vysoké šance na vzniku choroby vzhľadom na históriu rodiny a genetiku. Záver štúdie bol zverejnený v časopise JAMA Oncology.
Väčší prínos u žien s rodinnou anamnézou
Úprava rizikových faktorov, ktoré sa môžu podpísať pod vznik zákernej choroby, je jednoduchý spôsob, ako si zachovať pevné zdravie. Tie ženy, ktoré majú predispozíciu a teda vysoké riziko, majú takmer rovnakú šancu na život bez rakoviny ako ostatné. Šanca u 30-ročnej ženy je približne 11-percentná, kým dosiahne 80 rokov.
Výskumníci zhromaždili údaje od viac ako 7 tisíc žien s rakovinou prsníka a takmer 20 tisíc zdravých žien, ktoré boli súčasťou združenia Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, rovnako ako 6 tisíc žien z National Health Interview z roku 2010. Celé roky sledovali odborníci ženy s diagnózou a zistili, že prínos zmeny životného štýlu je väčší a prevratnejší u tých, ktoré sú vystavené väčšiemu riziku ochorenia v dôsledku rizikového faktora – fajčenia.
Na druhej strane, štúdia nezhŕňala ženy rôznych rasových a etnických skupín, takže podľa vedcov je potrebný ešte ďalší výskum.
Je pravdepodobné, že zdravý životný štýl budú klinickí lekári presadzovať ako súčasť liečby svojich pacientov.
Nejde pritom o prvú štúdiu, ktorá preukázala pozitívne účinky zdravého životného štýlu na ľudské zdravie a hlavne pri predchádzaní vzniku rakoviny. Iný výskum zistil, že životný štýl a nepriaznivé prostredie, v ktorom žijeme, tvorí 20- až 40-percentnú šancu na vznik rakoviny. Ďalší zase preukázala, že ľudia môžu znížiť riziko až 13 druhov rakoviny o 20 % v prípade, ak by pravidelne cvičili.
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29. január 2026 01:24
