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[title] => Pehy patria medzi krásne no rizikové znamienka. Kedy sú už nebezpečné?
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Keď sa narodíte s materským znamienkom, hoci aj vo veľkosti mexického dolára, nemusí to znamenať nič zlé. Ak sa pigmentová škvrna nezačne počas života zväčšovať alebo inak meniť, nemusíte mať obavy. Tieto zmeny si však treba kontrolovať, pretože ak k nim náhodou príde, je nutné vyhľadať lekársku pomoc. A to neodkladne, pretože môže ísť aj o život.
Melanóm, jeden z najnebezpečnejších zhubných kožných nádorov, sa dá pri včasnom odhalení vyrezať, a tak úplne vyliečiť. No ak je objavený neskoro, výsledok terapie môže byť neistý a pomerne vysoké je aj nebezpečenstvo predčasného úmrtia.
5 najčastejších mýtov:
1. Keď si zoškrabnem pehu alebo znamienko, spustí to vznik nádoru.
NIE! Ak sa to niekomu stalo, išlo o nerozpoznaný melanóm, a nie o nevinné znamienko. Ak sa ranka rýchlo zahojí, nič sa nedeje. Ak by sa tak nestalo do týždňa (rana by krvácala, hnisala), zájdite za lekárom – mohlo by ísť o melanóm.
2. Človeku s tmavšou pokožkou nehrozí rakovina kože.
NIE! Riziko je síce o niečo nižšie ako u ľudí so svetlejšou pokožkou a s množstvom pieh, ale predsa existuje (najmä ak bola v minulosti pokožka spálená od slnka, to sa môže stať aj černochovi).
3. Tetovanie zvyšuje riziko nádorových ochorení pokožky.
NIE! Pri tetovaní v nehygienických podmienkach hrozí infekcia (napríklad žltačka typu B), ale s rakovinou to nijako nesúvisí. Je však pravda, že na potetovanej pokožke ľahšie prehliadnete niektoré nebezpečné zmeny.
4. Ak si dám odstrániť pehu alebo znamienko, vytvorí sa mi ich neskôr viac.
NIE! Na tvorbu pigmentových škvŕn nemá ich odstraňovanie vplyv. Ich vznik závisí od dedičnosti a od pobytu na slnku.
5. Ak sa po spálení ošúpem a na novej pokožke sa žiadne znamienko neobjaví, som mimo nebezpečenstva.
NIE! Spálenie pokožky slnkom je najrizikovejším faktorom vzniku kožných nádorov a prejaviť sa môže aj po desiatkach rokov. Preto je potrebná zvýšená opatrnosť.
Diagnostická abeceda
Rysy typické pre začínajúci sa melanóm sa rozpoznávajú podľa pravidla ABCDE. Ako orientačné varovanie poslúži aj laikovi.
A (asymmetry) asymetrický tvar, tým sa líši od pigmentových škvŕn.
B (border) okraje sú nepravidelné so zárezmi a výbežkami, ktorými sa melanóm šíri.
C (colour) neobvyklé sfarbenie (ružová, červená, hnedá, čierna, sivomodrá, biela).
D (diameter) rozmer presahuje 6 mm.
E (evolving) priebežné zmeny (veľkosti okrajov, tvaru, povrchu, subjektívnych pocitov a iné).
Otázka pre lekárku
MUDr. Helena Reisingerová, korektívny dermatológ
Po dovolenke sa mi na tvári zväčšili pigmentové škvrny a objavilo veľa nových pieh. Mám si ich nechať odstrániť?
• Zvýšený výskyt pieh je v letných mesiacoch úplne normálny. Telo tak reaguje na pôsobenie slnečného žiarenia a veľká väčšina z nich v nasledujúcich mesiacoch opäť zmizne. Ak zostávajú a spôsobujú vám estetický problém, nie je nič jednoduchšie, ako si ich nechať odstrániť medicínskym laserom.
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Keď sa narodíte s materským znamienkom, hoci aj vo veľkosti mexického dolára, nemusí to znamenať nič zlé. Ak sa pigmentová škvrna nezačne počas života zväčšovať alebo inak meniť, nemusíte mať obavy. Tieto zmeny si však treba kontrolovať, pretože ak k nim náhodou príde, je nutné vyhľadať lekársku pomoc. A to neodkladne, pretože môže ísť aj o život.
Melanóm, jeden z najnebezpečnejších zhubných kožných nádorov, sa dá pri včasnom odhalení vyrezať, a tak úplne vyliečiť. No ak je objavený neskoro, výsledok terapie môže byť neistý a pomerne vysoké je aj nebezpečenstvo predčasného úmrtia.
5 najčastejších mýtov:
1. Keď si zoškrabnem pehu alebo znamienko, spustí to vznik nádoru.
NIE! Ak sa to niekomu stalo, išlo o nerozpoznaný melanóm, a nie o nevinné znamienko. Ak sa ranka rýchlo zahojí, nič sa nedeje. Ak by sa tak nestalo do týždňa (rana by krvácala, hnisala), zájdite za lekárom – mohlo by ísť o melanóm.
2. Človeku s tmavšou pokožkou nehrozí rakovina kože.
NIE! Riziko je síce o niečo nižšie ako u ľudí so svetlejšou pokožkou a s množstvom pieh, ale predsa existuje (najmä ak bola v minulosti pokožka spálená od slnka, to sa môže stať aj černochovi).
3. Tetovanie zvyšuje riziko nádorových ochorení pokožky.
NIE! Pri tetovaní v nehygienických podmienkach hrozí infekcia (napríklad žltačka typu B), ale s rakovinou to nijako nesúvisí. Je však pravda, že na potetovanej pokožke ľahšie prehliadnete niektoré nebezpečné zmeny.
4. Ak si dám odstrániť pehu alebo znamienko, vytvorí sa mi ich neskôr viac.
NIE! Na tvorbu pigmentových škvŕn nemá ich odstraňovanie vplyv. Ich vznik závisí od dedičnosti a od pobytu na slnku.
5. Ak sa po spálení ošúpem a na novej pokožke sa žiadne znamienko neobjaví, som mimo nebezpečenstva.
NIE! Spálenie pokožky slnkom je najrizikovejším faktorom vzniku kožných nádorov a prejaviť sa môže aj po desiatkach rokov. Preto je potrebná zvýšená opatrnosť.
Diagnostická abeceda
Rysy typické pre začínajúci sa melanóm sa rozpoznávajú podľa pravidla ABCDE. Ako orientačné varovanie poslúži aj laikovi.
A (asymmetry) asymetrický tvar, tým sa líši od pigmentových škvŕn.
B (border) okraje sú nepravidelné so zárezmi a výbežkami, ktorými sa melanóm šíri.
C (colour) neobvyklé sfarbenie (ružová, červená, hnedá, čierna, sivomodrá, biela).
D (diameter) rozmer presahuje 6 mm.
E (evolving) priebežné zmeny (veľkosti okrajov, tvaru, povrchu, subjektívnych pocitov a iné).
Otázka pre lekárku
MUDr. Helena Reisingerová, korektívny dermatológ
Po dovolenke sa mi na tvári zväčšili pigmentové škvrny a objavilo veľa nových pieh. Mám si ich nechať odstrániť?
• Zvýšený výskyt pieh je v letných mesiacoch úplne normálny. Telo tak reaguje na pôsobenie slnečného žiarenia a veľká väčšina z nich v nasledujúcich mesiacoch opäť zmizne. Ak zostávajú a spôsobujú vám estetický problém, nie je nič jednoduchšie, ako si ich nechať odstrániť medicínskym laserom.
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29. január 2026 09:33
